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Prescription Drug Coverage ยท Part D

How Part D Keeps Medication Costs in Check

Prescription drugs are one of the biggest healthcare expenses for seniors. Medicare Part D plans help make medications more affordable, often dramatically reducing what someone pays at the pharmacy each month.

Prescription bottles, a pill organizer, and savings icons representing Part D drug coverage

The 4 Stages of Part D Coverage

Part D coverage works in stages throughout the year. Understanding these stages helps with planning and avoiding unnecessary costs.

Stage 1

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Deductible

The enrollee pays 100% of drug costs until meeting the annual deductible (up to $590 in 2025, though some plans have $0 deductibles for certain tiers).

Stage 2

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Initial Coverage

The plan shares costs โ€” a copay or coinsurance applies for each drug, and the plan covers the rest. This stage lasts until total drug costs reach $5,030.

Stage 3

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Coverage Gap (Closed)

The former "donut hole" is effectively closed as of 2025. Out-of-pocket drug costs are capped at $2,000 for the full year thanks to the Inflation Reduction Act.

Stage 4

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Catastrophic Coverage

Once the $2,000 out-of-pocket cap is reached, covered drugs cost $0 for the rest of the calendar year.

A pharmacist explaining a prescription to an older adult at the pharmacy counter

The Wrong Plan Can Cost Thousands

Not all Part D plans cover the same drugs at the same prices. A drug that costs $15 a month on one plan might cost $150 a month on another. That is why comparing plans based on specific medications is important.

Formulary Matching

It is important to check that exact medications are covered at the lowest tier available on a given plan.

Preferred Pharmacy Network

Using a preferred pharmacy can cut copays significantly, so it is worth confirming a pharmacy is in-network before enrolling.

Annual Review

Formularies change every year. Reviewing a plan each fall during Open Enrollment helps confirm it is still a good fit.

Extra Help Program

People with limited income may qualify for the Low Income Subsidy (LIS), which can substantially reduce drug costs.

Part D FAQ

Do I have to enroll in Part D?

Part D is optional, but if someone does not enroll when first eligible and has no other creditable drug coverage, a permanent late enrollment penalty applies โ€” 1% of the national base premium for every month without coverage.

When can I enroll or change my Part D plan?

Enrollment is available when someone first becomes eligible for Medicare. After that, plans can be changed once a year during the Annual Open Enrollment Period (Oct 15 โ€“ Dec 7), taking effect January 1.

What if my drug is not on the plan formulary?

A doctor can request a formulary exception, or the enrollee can switch to a therapeutically equivalent drug covered by the plan. Comparing plans that already cover a needed medication is often the simpler path.

Can I use a discount card with Part D?

Prescription discount programs can be used, but generally not combined with Part D on the same purchase โ€” one or the other applies per fill. Part D is often cheaper for brand-name drugs once the deductible has been met.