Who Qualifies for Medicare?
Most people become eligible for Medicare at age 65, but there are other paths to eligibility too — including certain disabilities and specific health conditions. Here's how each one works.
Four Paths to Coverage
Ways to Qualify
Turning 65
You qualify at 65 if you're a U.S. citizen, or a legal resident who has lived in the U.S. for at least 5 continuous years.
Receiving SSDI
Under 65 and received Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) for 24 months? You're automatically enrolled in Medicare starting month 25.
End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
People with permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a transplant can qualify for Medicare regardless of age, usually after a waiting period.
ALS (Lou Gehrig's Disease)
People diagnosed with ALS qualify for Medicare the same month their Social Security disability benefits begin — there is no waiting period.
Good to Know
Is Part A Really Free?
Part A is premium-free for most people, but it depends on your work history. If you or a spouse paid Medicare taxes for at least 10 years (40 quarters) of work, you won't pay a monthly premium for Part A. If you have fewer than 40 quarters, you may still qualify for Medicare, but you'll pay a monthly premium for Part A instead of getting it free.
For the current premium amounts, see Medicare Costs.